A ÁGUA COMO FATOR DE DESENVOLVIMENTO SOCIAL: UMA ANÁLISE DAS REGIÕES METROPOLITANAS DE FORTALEZA, RECIFE E SALVADOR, NO PERÍODO DE 1996 A 2009.

FRANCISCO GOMES ANDRADE
ABSTRACT
In the Brazilian northwest the three major areas with big people concentration are the metropolitan area of Fortaleza, Recife and Salvador. There are big challenges in order to produce water in enough quality and quantity to all inhabitants. Some confuse water shortage with supply privation, and the crisis in the water sources sector is not linked with the availability of this good but in the bad supply management. As the access to water tends to affect the poor population and limit the economic and social development of the population, looking for analyzing the importance of this access as a relevant fact of development and how the deprivation of this represents one of the mainly reasons to poverty. Using mainly the PNAD data, in the period between 1996 and 2009, this research was realized in an exploratory and descriptive way and according to the means it is bibliographic. The result found that between the three metropolitan areas, the Salvador one had the best supply coverage. The Fortaleza one had the biggest increasing in the access. The Recife one decreased the percentage of coverage and supply. It was found an intrinsic relation between the excluded from the water access and the individuals with shorter financial media. It was find too that the improvement of the financial sources was superior to the increasing of supply service percentage and at last, it was evidenced that having the water access is a relevant fact to the decreasing of the rates of children mortality.
Keywords: Water access, Social exclusion, Children Mortality rate, RMF, RMR, RMS.